THE ULTIMATE
On this day, January 4th, mathematician scientist Isaac Newton was born, the discoverer of a range of scientific laws and principles such as gravity, planetary motion orbitting around the sun, tidal motion and that light can be split into its component colours of the rainbow.
He was born at Woolsthorpe Manor House, Lincolnshire, England - at that time the calendar siad it was 25th December, but with later changes to the calendar he was born on what we know as January 4th. His theories created a new view of science that dominated scientific thought until the development of the Theory of Relativity by Einstein in the 20th Century. "If I have seen further, it is by standing on the shoulders of giants." This quote of Isaac Newton's gives credit to the other mathematician scientists who came before him, that enabled him to make his discoevries and theories.
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On January 3rd 1883, British Labour Prime Minister Clement Attlee was born.
Attlee became the first majority Labour Party Prime Minister in 1945, and during his period in office created the Welfare State - of which the NHS is a crucial part still to this day, enabling people to get free healthcare at the point of use, paid for by those in work through taxation. The Welfare State that Attlee's government created, brought into being the report made by Liberal politician Beveridge during the Second World War, that called for the tackling of 'Five Giants' - Squalor (poor housing); Idleness (unemployment); Disease; Ignorance (lack of education) and Want (Poverty). Attlee's government also pursued an economic policy of state involvement in the economy, known as Keynesianism. Around a fifth of the British economy was nationalised, brought under government control - including coal, railways, gas, electricity, steel and the Bank of England. Having served with Winston Chuchill in the wartime Coalition government, Attlee campaigned for the creation of a Welfare State, and a 'Land Fit For Heroes' in the 1945 General Election to reward the British People for their sacrifices during the war. Attlee defeated the Conservative war winning Prime Minister, Churchill, in the election as the population moved on from war to what they felt was needed in peacetime. Archaeologists have unveiled a Roman fast food store they have unearthed amongst the ruins of the Roman city of Pompeii.
The archaeologists began uncovering the fast food store in 2019, and though a number are known of in the ruins of Pompeii, this is the first complete one, called a thermopolium, they have uncovered. The store would have sold hot food and drinks to the residents of the city of Pompeii, and the counters have been preserved so that the original bright paintings, or frescoes, can still be seen on them - showing animals such as ducks, chickens, and a dog tied to a wall, as well as images from Greek and Roman literature. Some of these may show what was on sale, whilst others may suggest the store was gaurded and the possibly early branding. Pompeii is famous for being the Roman city that was covered in lava and ash from an eruption of the volcano Mount Vesuvius in AD 79. It is south of Naples, in Southern Italy. The site will be open to tourists later in the year. Find out more on the BBC at: www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-55454717 The design below is based on the murals of the thermopolium at Pompeii. |
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